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L-Carnitine in maintenance hemo- dialysis clinical, lipid and biochemical effects. J Child Neurol 1997;12:461-3. Drugs Aging 2006;23(3):263-270. 31P-MRS study of acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in geriatric depression: preliminary results. Demeyere, R., Lormans, P., Weidler, B., Minten, J., Van Aken, H., and Flameng, W. Cardioprotective effects of carnitine in extensive aortocoronary bypass grafting: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Labonia, W. D. L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed patients treated with erythropoietin. Toptas, B., Baykal, A., Yesilipek, A., Isbir, M., Kupesiz, A., Yalcin, O., and Baskurt, O. K. L-carnitine deficiency and red blood cell mechanical impairment in beta-thalassemia major. 2013;8(1):e53707. Taking L-carnitine with thyroid hormone might decrease the effectiveness of the thyroid hormone. 2007;45(12):932-936. Pollard, L. M., Williams, N. R., Espinoza, L., Wood, T. C., Spector, E. B., Schroer, R. J., and Holden, K. R. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term outcomes of late-onset (type III) multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Effects of wuzi yanzong liquids combing with L-carnitine on oligospermia and asthenospermia. Soyucen, E., Demirci, E., and Aydin, A. Outpatient treatment of propionic acidemia-associated hyperammonemia with N-carbamoyl-L-glutamate in an infant. View abstract. Cipolli, C. and Chiari, G. [Effects of L-acetylcarnitine on mental deterioration in the aged: initial results]. Clin J Pain 2008;24(8):731-733. Askarpour M, Hadi A, Miraghajani M, Symonds ME, Sheikhi A, Ghaedi E. Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. A., Iezhitsa, I. N., Kravchenko, M. S., Pisarev, V. B., and Snigur, G. L. Effects of L-, D-, and DL-carnitine on morphometric parameters of skeletal muscle and exercise performance of laboratory animals receiving carnitine-deficient diet. The main dietary sources of L-carnitine are meat, fish and some other animal products, such as milk. Dragan, I. G., Vasiliu, A., Georgescu, E., and Eremia, N. Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of L-carnitina in elite athletes. Neurol.Sci 2010;31(1):61-64. Naito J, Ohashi H, Ohno M, et al. Enhancement of activities relative to fatty acid oxidation in the liver of rats depleted of L-carnitine by D-carnitine and a gamma- butyrobetaine hydroxylase inhibitor. Novel mutation of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase gene in a Thai infant with methylmalonic acidemia (mut0). View abstract. Pivalate-generating prodrugs and carnitine homeostasis in man. Desbree, A., Houdon, L., Touati, G., Djemili, S., Choker, G., and Flodrops, H. [EBV infection revealing a long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency in a 3-year-old boy]. Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Cristaldi, E., Colonna, V., Messano, M., Koverech, A., Neri, S., Vacante, M., Cammalleri, L., and Motta, M. Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) treatment in elderly patients with fatigue. View abstract. View abstract. Rossignol, D. A. De Marchi, S., Zecchetto, S., Rigoni, A., Prior, M., Fondrieschi, L., Scuro, A., Rulfo, F., and Arosio, E. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves endothelial function, microcirculation and pain management in critical limb ischemia. Therefore, vegetarians and vegans may want to consider L-carnitine supplements. You'll also. View abstract. How Much Caffeine Is Okay? Oral L-carnitine supplementation in low-birth-weight newborns: a study on neonates requiring combined parenteral and enteral nutrition. A., Ebenezer, G. J., Hauer, P., Millar, L., Gould, M., Tran, P., Shikuma, C., Souza, S., and McArthur, J. C. Acetyl-l-carnitine and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated neuropathy in HIV infection. 2006;44(3):525-530. Amelioration of the depression of HIV-infected subjects with L-acetyl carnitine therapy. The role of carnitine supplementation during valproic acid therapy. To determine the dose and tolerability we conducted a phase II study with increasing doses of L-carnitine supplementation. Panjwani, U., Thakur, L., Anand, J. P., Singh, S. N., Amitabh, Singh, S. B., and Banerjee, P. K. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on endurance exercise in normobaric/normoxic and hypobaric/hypoxic conditions. 2005;59(4):592-596. Kolker, S., Christensen, E., Leonard, J. V., Greenberg, C. R., Burlina, A. Research suggests that L-carnitine may aid exercise performance and treat health conditions like heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Liu Q, Garner P, Wang Y, Huang B, Smith H. Drugs and herbs given to prevent hepatotoxicity of tuberculosis therapy: systematic review of ingredients and evaluation studies. View abstract. J Pediatr 1982;101:782-5. View abstract. Lenzi, A., Lombardo, F., Sgro, P., Salacone, P., Caponecchia, L., Dondero, F., and Gandini, L. Use of carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility: a double-blind crossover trial. Broad, E. M., Maughan, R. J., and Galloway S DR. View abstract. Ann.Pharmacother. Hypertension 2009;54(3):567-574. 2001;23 Suppl 1:S85-S89. Rausch CR, Paul S, Marx KR, et al. Doses of 2 grams or less per day seem to be well tolerated and safe for most people. Shahidi M, Hashemi SR, Fattahi N, et al. L-Carnosine (Fig. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Jun 6, 2022. Although dosage varies from study to study, here is an overview of the use and dose for each form: Up to 2,000 mg (2 grams) per day seems safe and effective in the long term. Huang, Y., Huang, L. C., and Zhan, F. Clinical analysis of therapeutic effect of levocarnitine on dialysis patients. Nephrologie 1998;19:171. View abstract. Ross, C., Morriss, A., Khairy, M., Khalaf, Y., Braude, P., Coomarasamy, A., and El-Toukhy, T. A systematic review of the effect of oral antioxidants on male infertility. Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue. View abstract. 2010;16(6):504-509. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Mar.Drugs 2009;7(1):57-70. Heart complications (such as irregular heartbeat and heart failure). L-acetylcarnitine (L-AC) (Branigen) in the long term symptomatic treatment of senile dementia. Choose . Increases in walking distance in patients with peripheral vascular disease treated with L-carnitine: a double-blind, cross-over study. Int.J Cosmet.Sci 2011;33(6):519-526. Symptoms include relentless fatigue during the day, not feeling rested after sleep, insomnia, reduced sex drive, a "wired and tired" feeling, a reduced ability to concentrate and feel relaxed, and weight gain, especially in the stomach. View abstract. 2006;35(3):349-357. A cross-over study vs placebo. View abstract. 2019 Apr;27(4):1491-1496. These bacteria digest L-carnitine and turn it into a compound called trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. [Efficacy of natural vitamin E on oligospermia and asthenospermia: a prospective multi-centered randomized controlled study of 106 cases]. Metabolism 2008;57(4):549-554. Turk.J Pediatr 1998;40(1):79-84. 2006;17(2):73-88. View abstract. Bellinghieri, G., Savica, V., Mallamace, A., Di, Stefano C., Consolo, F., Spagnoli, L. G., Villaschi, S., Palmieri, G., Corsi, M., and Maccari, F. Correlation between increased serum and tissue L-carnitine levels and improved muscle symptoms in hemodialyzed patients. Pediatr Res 1984;18:815-9. View abstract. Trivelli G, Vitali P Girmenia S Castelli F. Trattamento della dislipidemia dell'emodializzato con L-carnitina. View abstract. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1990;10:355-60. 2011;37(10):1716-1717. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:158-67. Conditioned nutritional requirements and the pathogenesis and treatment of myocardial failure. Corbucci, G. G., Melis, A., Piga, M., Marchionni, A., and Calvani, M. Influence of acetyl-carnitine on some mitochondrial enzymic activities in the human cerebral tissue in conditions of acute hypoxia. Call your doctor at once if you have: a seizure (convulsions). View abstract. L-acetylcarnitine in depressed elderly subjects. Dig.Dis Sci 2008;53(4):1114-1121. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1985;23:569-72. Decombaz, J., Deriaz, O., Acheson, K., Gmuender, B., and Jequier, E. Effect of L-carnitine on submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen. Chen, X. F., Li, Z., Ping, P., Dai, J. C., Zhang, F. B., and Shang, X. J. View abstract. Ann.Hematol. View abstract. Side effects may include nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea, hives, lower back pain, leg restlessness, numbness, rash, endocrine changes, increased inflammatory response, increased blood urea nitrogen, severe tissue necrosis and venous irritation. Carnitine disposition before and during valproate therapy in patients with epilepsy. Dimitriadis, F., Tsambalas, S., Tsounapi, P., Kawamura, H., Vlachopoulou, E., Haliasos, N., Gratsias, S., Watanabe, T., Saito, M., Miyagawa, I., and Sofikitis, N. Effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on Leydig cell secretory function in oligoasthenospermic infertile men: a randomized trial. Am.J Gastroenterol. Kraft, M., Kraft, K., Gartner, S., Mayerle, J., Simon, P., Weber, E., Schutte, K., Stieler, J., Koula-Jenik, H., Holzhauer, P., Grober, U., Engel, G., Muller, C., Feng, Y. S., Aghdassi, A., Nitsche, C., Malfertheiner, P., Patrzyk, M., Kohlmann, T., and Lerch, M. M. L-Carnitine-supplementation in advanced pancreatic cancer (CARPAN)--a randomized multicentre trial. View abstract. You can get concerning Insomnia material over there! Zhang JJ, Wu ZB, Cai YJ, Ke B, Huang YJ, Qiu CP, Yang YB, Shi LY, Qin J. L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. Some animal studies suggest that the acetyl form, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), may help prevent age-related mental decline and improve markers of learning (30, 31). Helms, R. A., Whitington, P. F., Mauer, E. C., Catarau, E. M., Christensen, M. L., and Borum, P. R. Enhanced lipid utilization in infants receiving oral L-carnitine during long-term parenteral nutrition. View abstract. Maebashi, M., Kawamura, N., Sato, M., Imamura, A., and Yoshinaga, K. Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in patients with type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. 2008;49(4):145-149. 2010;47(2):165-167. A., Ghaith, O., Medhat, T., George, S. K., and Elshafey, E. M. Is there a role for oral L-carnitine therapy in anemia and cardiac dysfunction management in Egyptian patients on maintenance hemodialysis? Heuberger W, Berardi S, Jacky E, et al. Neurol.India 2008;56(3):391-393. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Motta, M., Malaguarnera, M., Li, Volti G., and Galvano, F. Effect of L-carnitine on the size of low-density lipoprotein particles in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with simvastatin. Reprod.Biomed.Online. View abstract. Current Therapeutic Research 1989;46(6):1027-1033. View abstract. Nutrition 2009;25(11-12):1193-1201. B., Das, A. M., DeKlerk, J. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on acute valproate intoxication.